A voided check is a personal check with “VOID” written clearly across the front — it cannot be used for any payment but remains a valid source of your banking information. Employers, landlords, and service providers ask for a voided check when they need to set up direct deposit or automatic electronic payments (ACH) to or from your account.

How to Read a Personal Check

Understanding the numbers on a check helps explain why a voided check is useful:

[YOUR NAME]                                        Check No. 1042
[YOUR ADDRESS]                                     Date: __________

Pay to the Order of: _________________________________  $ __________

_______________________________________________ Dollars

[BANK NAME]
[BANK LOGO]

Memo: ___________________    Signature: __________________

⑆ 021000089 ⑆ 0123456789 ⑆ 1042
    Routing        Account      Check
    Number         Number       Number
Section What It Represents Digits
Routing number Identifies your bank/credit union 9 digits
Account number Identifies your specific account 10–12 digits
Check number Sequential check identifier 4 digits

The routing and account numbers are what recipients need to set up ACH transactions — electronic transfers to or from your account.

How to Void a Check Step by Step

  1. Get a blank check from your checkbook — use a new check, not a previously used one
  2. Write “VOID” in large letters across the front, using a blue or black ballpoint pen
    • Write large enough to cover the pay-to, amount, and date fields
    • Do not cover the routing number, account number, or bank name (they need to remain legible)
  3. Do not sign the check — a signed voided check could theoretically be altered
  4. Optionally write VOID on the signature line and in the amount box as additional security
  5. Record it in your check register — note the check number and write “VOID” in the register so your records are accurate
  6. Provide it to the recipient — photocopy it first if you plan to use the same check for multiple payees

When You Need a Voided Check

Purpose Who Asks What They Do With It
Direct deposit setup Employer / HR Sets up payroll ACH deposit to your account
Automatic mortgage payment Lender Sets up monthly ACH debit from your account
Automatic insurance payment Insurance company Sets up monthly ACH debit
Utility auto-pay Electric, gas, water Sets up monthly ACH debit
Landlord rent auto-pay Property manager Sets up recurring ACH debit
Government benefits Social Security, IRS Direct deposit of benefit payments
Investment account funding Brokerage, robo-advisor Links bank account for transfers
Contractor/freelance payment Client Sets up direct payment

What If You Don’t Have Paper Checks?

Many people use online banks or digital checking accounts that do not issue paper checks. Alternatives that serve the same purpose:

1. Bank-provided direct deposit form Most banks and credit unions provide a pre-filled direct deposit authorization form on request. This form includes your routing and account numbers and is accepted by virtually all employers.

2. Bank letter on official letterhead Your bank can write a letter confirming your account and routing numbers. This is the most formal alternative.

3. Online banking account details page Print or screenshot your account summary page from your bank’s website or app, which should display your account number and routing number. Confirm with your employer whether they accept this format.

4. Pre-printed deposit slip If your account came with a paper deposit slip (even without checks), it contains the same routing and account numbers. You do not need to void a deposit slip.

5. Starter checks Many banks will print a few starter or counter checks on request, free of charge or for a small fee, even if you do not have a checkbook.

Voided Check Security Considerations

A voided check reveals your bank routing number and account number — the same information needed to send or withdraw money electronically from your account. Protect your voided check accordingly:

  • Only provide voided checks to reputable organizations (employers, established billers, licensed financial institutions)
  • Do not email a photo of a voided check unless it is to a verified, trusted recipient
  • Shred voided checks that are no longer needed — do not dispose of them in regular trash
  • If you provide a voided check for direct deposit and leave a job, update your banking information before leaving

How ACH Uses Your Check Information

When you provide a voided check for direct deposit, the receiver enters your routing and account numbers into their payroll or payment system. This triggers an ACH (Automated Clearing House) transaction — an electronic bank-to-bank transfer processed through the Federal Reserve’s nationwide ACH network. ACH transactions typically settle in 1–3 business days.

Your bank’s routing number (the 9-digit number at the bottom left of your check) identifies which financial institution to send the funds to. The account number identifies the specific account within that institution. Both must be accurate for the transaction to succeed.

Voided Check vs Cancelled Check

A voided check is a blank check you deliberately mark VOID before it is ever used for payment.

A cancelled check is a check that has already been written, deposited, and cleared — it has been processed and is “cancelled” (no longer outstanding). Banks and online accounts keep images of cancelled checks in your account history.

Related: What Is a Routing Number? | What Is Direct Deposit? | Best Checking Accounts | How to Write a Check

WealthVieu
Written by WealthVieu

WealthVieu researches and writes data-driven personal finance guides using primary sources including the IRS, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Federal Reserve, and Census Bureau.

The content on Wealthvieu is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial, tax, or investment advice. Consult a qualified professional before making financial decisions. Full disclaimer · Editorial policy